تبیین برنامه درسی تربیت دینی مبتنی بر رویکرد تکلیف‌گرا

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 دانشگاه جامعه المصطفی

چکیده

هدف اصلی پژوهش تبیین عناصر برنامه درسی تربیت دینی و ویژگی‌های آن مبتنی بر رویکرد تکلیف‌گرا می‌باشد. برای دستیابی به این هدف از روش تحلیلی و استنتاجی الگوی فرانکنا بهره گرفته شد. بر پایه نتایج به‌دست آمده، تکلیف‌مداری به عنوان هدف غایی برنامه درسی تربیت دینی و توحیدمحوری، اخلاص، هدایت، اندیشه‌ورزی، عقل‌ورزی، کسب علم و معرفت، عدالت، توانایی انجام کار، آزادی و اختیار به عنوان هدف‌های واسطی از متون دینی و تربیتی اسلام استنتاج شدند. سپس، ویژگی‌های فرآیند یاددهی-یادگیری مربوط به هدف‌ها از متون معتبر اسلامی و تربیتی استنتاج شدند. این ویژگی‌ها شامل انگیزه درونی، پرورش حواس، پرورش اراده، توجه به تفاوت‌های فردی و ارائه الگو و نمونه عملی برای برنامه درسی تربیت دینی می‌باشند. هچنین، برای عنصر ارزشیابی در برنامه درسی تربیت دینی توصیه شد هویت تربیت جدی گرفته و به دلیل تفاوت در توان متربیان، اشکال و ابزار مختلفی برای سنجش عملکرد آنان استفاده شود. به‌کارگیری رویکرد تکلیف‌گرا در برنامه درسی تربیت دینی می‌تواند منجر به دادن امکان انتخاب آزادانه و آگاهانه به فرد و رهایی از جبر محیطی، توجه به تفاوت‌های فردی و ارائه تکلیف به قدر وسع، ارزیابی اعمال از درون به بیرون شود.

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