سازه‌گرایی در آموزش تاریخ: ترمیم آسیب‌ها بر اساس هرمنوتیک پل ریکور

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

هدف اصلی این پژوهش، صورت‌بندی مواضع آسیب‌پذیر رویکرد سازه گرایانه در آموزش تاریخ و ارائه مفهوم بدیلی برای مشارکت دانش‌آموز در این رویکرد براساس هرمنوتیک پل ریکور می‌باشد. برای دستیابی به این هدف از روش مفهوم‌پردازی و استنتاج فلسفی بهره گرفته شد. یافته‌های این پژوهش حاکی از آن است که سازه‌گرایی در آموزش تاریخ در مواضعی مانند گسستن از عینیت واقعه تاریخی و نسبیت در ترجیح تفاسیر از سوی دانش‌آموز آسیب‌پذیر است. در مقابل، نگرش استعاره‌ای به متون تاریخی و الگوی اعتباریابی حدس‌ها در هرمنوتیک ریکور، راه‌حل‌هایی هستند که این نوشتار به ترتیب برای رفع آسیب‌های فوق پیشنهاد داده است. همچنین، تصاحب دنیای متن تاریخی از سوی شاگردان، مفهوم بدیلی است که برای مشارکت فعال آنها در نظر گرفته شده است.

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