Human Choice and Education: Islamic Theory of Action versus Frankfort and Taylor's View

Document Type : پژوهشی

Authors

• mohamadreza madanifar ¹
• Khosrow Bagheri Noaparast ¹
• Fatemeh Zibakalam ¹
• Alireza Sadegh zadeh ²

¹ University of Tehran

² Tarbiat Modares University

10.22067/fe.v6i1.51670

Abstract

The main aim of this research is examining and criticizing the concept of human choice in terms of Harry Frankfurt and Charles Taylor's view based on Islamic theory of action. Conceptual analysis and inference are used as research methods for this aim.
Frankfurt in discrimination of human desires says whereas first order desires are given, second order desires are results of human position. Regarding this general Frankfurtian hierarchical Model of human desires, Taylor endeavors to revise it concerning second-order desires. He emphasizes on language and society in second-order desires creation process. Examining views of Frankfurt and Taylor on human desires upon Islamic Theory of Action reveals some compromises and differences. Triple states of human soul (nafse) - in Islamic theory can be correspond with hierarchical model of human desires. Comparative analysis has been done in four dimensions, indicats that based on Islamic view of action, role of social values in second-order desires requires some modifications. Finally, educational implications of this discussion explained in these three topics: “improvement and diversification of first-order human desires”, “planning for second-order human desires formation” and “supporting relation between reflection and action”.

Keywords

• Islamic theory of action
• Education
• Harry Frankfort
• Charles Taylor
• second order desires

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